The Complete Guide to Baku: Where Ancient Flames Meet Futuristic Architecture
Baku is a city of contradictions, and I mean that as a compliment. A UNESCO-listed medieval walled city sits at the foot of three flame-shaped skyscrapers. A mountain has been on fire for 65 years straight. Mud volcanoes bubble in a desert 65km from a Zaha Hadid masterpiece.
Azerbaijan calls itself the "Land of Fire" for a reason. Natural gas seeps through the ground in dozens of places, igniting spontaneously. The ancient Zoroastrian fire temples here aren't metaphorical — they sit on actual eternal flames.
Here's everything you need to plan your Baku trip.
Overview
Baku is Azerbaijan's capital, sitting on the western shore of the Caspian Sea. Population: 2.3 million. The city has invested heavily in modern architecture and infrastructure over the past two decades, creating a skyline that draws comparisons to Dubai — but with a medieval core, lower prices, and considerably more character.
Best Time to Visit
April to June and September to October. Temperatures sit at 18-28°C. The Caspian breeze keeps things pleasant. Summer (July-August) hits 35°C+ with strong winds — Baku is called the "City of Winds" for a reason. Winter (December-February) is mild (3-8°C) but grey.
Getting There
Heydar Aliyev International Airport (GYD) has connections to Istanbul, Dubai, London, Moscow, and regional capitals. 25km from the city center.
Airport to city: H1 express bus runs every 30 minutes (1 AZN, ~$0.60, 40 minutes). Buy a BakiKart at the airport. Bolt taxis cost 25-30 AZN.
Where to Stay
The Old City (Icherisheher) area is the best base — walking distance to major sites. Budget hotels: 40-80 AZN/night (~$23-47). Mid-range: 80-150 AZN. The Flame Towers area has the luxury hotels.
What to See
Old City (Icherisheher)
UNESCO World Heritage walled city with narrow alleys, carpet shops, caravanserais, and the 12th-century Maiden Tower. The tower (15 AZN entry) has 8 floors with exhibits and a rooftop view. The Palace of the Shirvanshahs (15 AZN) is a 15th-century royal complex within the walls. The entire old city is walkable in 2-3 hours. Evening lighting transforms it.
Flame Towers
Three 182-meter skyscrapers shaped like flames. The LED facades display fire animations at night. Not open as a tourist attraction, but the exterior show is Baku's signature image. Best viewed from Baku Boulevard or Highland Park after dark.
Heydar Aliyev Center
Zaha Hadid's swooping white building — no straight lines, no right angles. Entry: 15 AZN. Exhibitions rotate. The exterior is equally photogenic. Allow 1.5-2 hours.
Mud Volcanoes of Gobustan
Azerbaijan has more mud volcanoes than any country — about 350. The accessible cluster near Gobustan (65km south) features bubbling grey mud pools and occasional small eruptions. Free to visit. Combine with Gobustan Rock Art (UNESCO, 5 AZN). Taxi from Baku: 60-80 AZN round trip.
Yanar Dag (Burning Mountain)
A hillside burning continuously for at least 65 years from natural gas. 25km north. Entry: 9 AZN. Most impressive after dark. Combine with Ateshgah Fire Temple (4 AZN) — a Zoroastrian/Hindu temple built over a natural gas vent.
Baku Boulevard (Bulvar)
6km seafront promenade along the Caspian. Parks, cafes, the Carpet Museum (shaped like a rolled carpet, 10 AZN), and a Ferris wheel (Baku Eye, 5 AZN). Free to walk. Best in the evening.
What to Eat
Azerbaijani cuisine centers on grilled meats, rice pilafs, and herb-heavy dishes.
Plov: Saffron-infused rice with dried fruits and lamb. The national dish.
Dushbara: Tiny dumplings in broth — you should fit 10 on a spoon.
Kebab: Various grilled meats (lyulya kebab is minced lamb on a skewer). 8-15 AZN.
Pakhava: Layered pastry with nuts and honey.
Tea: Always served in armudu (pear-shaped) glasses with sugar cubes and jam. Accepting tea is a sign of respect.
Budget Breakdown
Item
Cost (AZN)
Cost (USD)
Budget hotel
40-80/night
$23-47
Restaurant meal
10-25
$6-15
Maiden Tower
15
$8.80
Heydar Aliyev Center
15
$8.80
Yanar Dag
9
$5.30
Metro ride
0.40
$0.24
Full-day tour (Gobustan + mud volcanoes)
60-80
$35-47
Tea at a chaykhana
2-3
$1.20-1.80
Daily budget: 80-150 AZN ($47-88)
Safety
Baku is very safe for tourists — violent crime is extremely rare. Important notes: avoid photographing government buildings, military installations, or police. Don't discuss the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict or criticize the government publicly. If you have Armenian stamps in your passport, you may face additional questioning at the border (but entry is typically still granted).
Getting Around
Baku Metro: clean, efficient, 0.40 AZN per ride. Two lines covering main areas. Bolt app for taxis. For day trips to Gobustan and Yanar Dag, hire a car with driver (80-120 AZN full day).
Visa
Most nationalities need an e-Visa: evisa.gov.az ($26 standard, $52 urgent, 3-5 days processing). Turkish, Georgian, and some CIS citizens are visa-free.
Combine With
Baku pairs well with Tbilisi (1-hour flight or overnight train at 25 AZN). Note: you cannot cross directly from Azerbaijan to Armenia. The Tbilisi night train departs Baku at 8:45PM, arrives 9AM — the platskart berth costs 25 AZN and the border crossing is handled while you sleep.
